Pentesting Web checklist

Recon phase

• Large: a whole company with multiple domains

• Medium: a single domain

• Small: a single website

Large scope

• Get ASN for IP ranges (amass, asnlookup, metabigor, bgp)

• Review latest acquisitions

• Get relationships by registrants (viewdns)

• Go to medium scope for each domain

Medium scope

• Enumerate subdomains (amass or subfinder with all available API keys)

• Subdomain bruteforce (puredns with wordlist)

• Permute subdomains (gotator or ripgen with wordlist)

• Identify alive subdomains (httpx)

• Subdomain takeovers (nuclei-takeovers)

• Check for cloud assets (cloudenum)

• Shodan search

• Transfer zone

• Subdomains recursive search

• Take screenshots (gowitness, webscreenshot, aquatone)

Small scope

• Identify web server, technologies and database (httpx)

• Try to locate /robots.txt , /crossdomain.xml /clientaccesspolicy.xml /sitemap.xml and /.well-known/

• Review comments on source code (Burp Engagement Tools)

• Directory enumeration

• Web fuzzing (ffuf and wordlist)

• Find leaked ids, emails (pwndb)

• Identify WAF (whatwaf, wafw00f)

• Google dorking

• GitHub dorking/Github tools (githound, gitdorks_go)

• Get urls (gau , waybackurls, gospider)

• Check potential vulnerable urls (gf-patterns)

• Automatic XSS finder (dalfox)

• Locate admin and login panel

• Broken link hijacking (blc)

• Get all JS files (subjs, xnLinkFinder)

• JS hardcoded APIs and secrets (nuclei-tokens)

• JS analysis (subjs, JSA, xnLinkFinder, getjswords)

• Run automated scanner (nuclei)

• Test CORS (CORScanner, corsy)

Network

• Check ICMP packets allowed

• Check DMARC/SPF policies (spoofcheck)

• Open ports with Shodan

• Port scan to all ports

• Check UDP ports (udp-proto-scanner or nmap)

• Test SSL (testssl)

• If got creds, try password spraying for all the services discovered

Preparation

• Study site structure

• Make a list with all possible test cases

• Understand the business area and what their customer needs

• Get a list of every asset (all_subdomains.txt, live_subdomains.txt, waybackurls.txt, hidden_directories.txt, nmap_results.txt, GitHub_search.txt, altdns_subdomain.txt, vulnerable_links.txt, js_files.txt)

User management

Registration

• Duplicate registration (try with uppercase, +1@..., dots in name, etc)

• Overwrite existing user (existing user takeover)

• Username uniqueness

• Weak password policy (user=password, password=123456,111111,abcabc,qwerty12)

• Insufficient email verification process (also [e-mail] for account tko)

• Weak registration implementation or allows disposable email addresses

• Fuzz after user creation to check if any folder have been overwritten or created with your profile name

• Add only spaces in password

• Long password (>200) leads to DoS

• Corrupt authentication and session defects: Sign up, don't verify, request change password, change, check if account is active.

• Try to re-register repeating same request with same password and different password too

• If JSON request, add comma {“email”:“[e-mail]”,”[e-mail]”,“token”:”xxxxxxxxxx”}

• Lack of confirmation -> try to register with company email.

• Check OAuth with social media registration

• Check state parameter on social media registration

• Try to capture integration url leading integration takeover

• Check redirections in register page after login

• Rate limit on account creation

• XSS on name or email

Authentication

• Username enumeration

• Resilience to password guessing

• Account recovery function

• "Remember me" function

• Impersonation function

• Unsafe distribution of credentials

• Fail-open conditions

• Multi-stage mechanisms

• SQL Injections

• Auto-complete testing

• Lack of password confirmation on change email, password or 2FA (try change response)

• Weak login function over HTTP and HTTPS if both are available

• User account lockout mechanism on brute force attack

• Check for password wordlist (cewl and burp-goldenNuggets)

• Test 0auth login functionality for Open Redirection

• Test response tampering in SAML authentication

• In OTP check guessable codes and race conditions

• OTP, check response manipulation for bypass

• OTP, try bruteforce

• If JWT, check common flaws

• Browser cache weakness (eg Pragma, Expires, Max-age)

• After register, logout, clean cache, go to home page and paste your profile url in browser, check for "login?next=accounts/profile" for open redirect or XSS with "/login?next=javascript:alert(1);//"

• Try login with common credentials

Session

• Session handling

• Test tokens for meaning

• Test tokens for predictability

• Insecure transmission of tokens

• Disclosure of tokens in logs

• Mapping of tokens to sessions

• Session termination

• Session fixation

• Cross-site request forgery

• Cookie scope

• Decode Cookie (Base64, hex, URL etc.)

• Cookie expiration time

• Check HTTPOnly and Secure flags

• Use same cookie from a different effective IP address or system

• Access controls

• Effectiveness of controls using multiple accounts

• Insecure access control methods (request parameters, Referer header, etc)

• Check for concurrent login through different machine/IP

• Bypass AntiCSRF tokens

• Weak generated security questions

• Path traversal on cookies

• Reuse cookie after session closed

• Logout and click browser "go back" function (Alt + Left arrow)

• 2 instances open, 1st change or reset password, refresh 2nd instance

• With privileged user perform privileged actions, try to repeat with unprivileged user cookie.

Profile/Account details

• Find parameter with user id and try to tamper in order to get the details of other users

• Create a list of features that are pertaining to a user account only and try CSRF

• Change email id and update with any existing email id. Check if its getting validated on server or not.

• Check any new email confirmation link and what if user doesn't confirm.

• File upload: eicar, No Size Limit, File extension, Filter Bypass, burp extension, RCE

• CSV import/export: Command Injection, XSS, macro injection

• Check profile picture URL and find email id/user info or EXIF Geolocation Data

• Imagetragick in picture profile upload

• Metadata of all downloadable files (Geolocation, usernames)

• Account deletion option and try to reactivate with "Forgot password" feature

• Try bruteforce enumeration when change any user unique parameter.

• Check application request re-authentication for sensitive operations

• Try parameter pollution to add two values of same field

• Check different roles policy

Forgot/reset password

• Invalidate session on Logout and Password reset

• Uniqueness of forget password reset link/code

• Reset links expiration time

• Find user id or other sensitive fields in reset link and tamper them

• Request 2 reset passwords links and use the older

• Check if many requests have sequential tokens

• Use username@burp_collab.net and analyze the callback

• Host header injection for token leakage

• Add X-Forwarded-Host: evil.com to receive the reset link with evil.com

• Email crafting like [e-mail]@target.com

• IDOR in reset link

• Capture reset token and use with other email/userID

• No TLD in email parameter

• User carbon copy email=[e-mail]%0a%0dcc:[e-mail]

• Long password (>200) leads to DoS

• No rate limit, capture request and send over 1000 times

• Check encryption in reset password token

• Token leak in referer header

• Append second email param and value

• Understand how token is generated (timestamp, username, birthdate,...)

• Response manipulation

Input handling

• Fuzz all request parameters (if got user, add headers to fuzzer)

• Identify all reflected data

• Reflected XSS

• HTTP header injection in GET & POST (X Forwarded Host)

• RCE via Referer Header

• SQL injection via User-Agent Header

• Arbitrary redirection

• Stored attacks

• OS command injection

• Path traversal, LFI and RFI

• Script injection

• File inclusion

• SMTP injection

• Native software flaws (buffer overflow, integer bugs, format strings)

• SOAP injection

• LDAP injection

• SSI Injection

• XPath injection

• XXE in any request, change content-type to text/xml

• Stored XSS

• SQL injection with ' and '--+-

• NoSQL injection

• HTTP Request Smuggling

• Open redirect

• Code Injection (<h1>six2dez</h1> on stored param)

• SSRF in previously discovered open ports

• xmlrpc.php DOS and user enumeration

• HTTP dangerous methods OPTIONS PUT DELETE

• Try to discover hidden parameters (arjun or parameth)

• Insecure deserialization

Error handling

• Access custom pages like /whatever_fake.php (.aspx,.html,.etc)

• Add multiple parameters in GET and POST request using different values

• Add "[]", "]]", and "[[" in cookie values and parameter values to create errors

• Generate error by giving input as "/~randomthing/%s" at the end of URL

• Use Burp Intruder "Fuzzing Full" List in input to generate error codes

• Try different HTTP Verbs like PATCH, DEBUG or wrong like FAKE

Application Logic

• Identify the logic attack surface

• Test transmission of data via the client

• Test for reliance on client-side input validation

• Thick-client components (Java, ActiveX, Flash)

• Multi-stage processes for logic flaws

• Handling of incomplete input

• Trust boundaries

• Transaction logic

• Implemented CAPTCHA in email forms to avoid flooding

• Tamper product id, price or quantity value in any action (add, modify, delete, place, pay...)

• Tamper gift or discount codes

• Reuse gift codes

• Try parameter pollution to use gift code two times in same request

• Try stored XSS in non-limited fields like address

• Check in payment form if CVV and card number is in clear text or masked

• Check if is processed by the app itself or sent to 3rd parts

• IDOR from other users details ticket/cart/shipment

• Check for test credit card number allowed like 4111 1111 1111 1111 (sample1 sample2)

• Check PRINT or PDF creation for IDOR

• Check unsubscribe button with user enumeration

• Parameter pollution on social media sharing links

• Change POST sensitive requests to GET

Other checks

Infrastructure

• Segregation in shared infrastructures

• Segregation between ASP-hosted applications

• Web server vulnerabilities

• Dangerous HTTP methods

• Proxy functionality

• Virtual hosting misconfiguration (VHostScan)

• Check for internal numeric IP's in request

• Check for external numeric IP's and resolve it

• Test cloud storage

• Check the existence of alternative channels (www.web.com vs m.web.com)

CAPTCHA

• Send old captcha value.

• Send old captcha value with old session ID.

• Request captcha absolute path like www.url.com/captcha/1.png

• Remove captcha with any adblocker and request again

• Bypass with OCR tool (easy one)

• Change from POST to GET

• Remove captcha parameter

• Convert JSON request to normal

• Try header injections

Security Headers

• X-XSS-Protection

• Strict-Transport-Security

• Content-Security-Policy

• Public-Key-Pins

• X-Frame-Options

• X-Content-Type-Options

• Referer-Policy

• Cache-Control

• Expires